Pelvis

X-Ray

< 5 mm (adults)

Normal Value

>5 mm → diastasis (trauma, pregnancy, postpartum changes).

~ 2–4 mm, symmetric

Normal Value

Widening = trauma, infection, inflammatory disease; narrowing = degenerative changes.

< 28–30° (by 1 year)

Normal Value

Increased angle → developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH).

Continuous smooth arc along medial femoral neck & pubic ramus

Normal Value

Interruption indicates hip dislocation or femoral neck fracture.

Symmetric, centered in acetabulum

Normal Value

Superior/lateral displacement → hip dislocation.

Symmetric in shape & size

Normal Value

Asymmetry may indicate pelvic tilt, rotation, or fracture.

Smooth, rounded if distended

Normal Value

Irregular = bladder mass, diverticulum, cystitis.

Usually absent

Normal Value

Can be seen in chronic prostatitis, TB, or carcinoma.

Measurement	Normal Value	Comments
Pubic Symphysis Width	< 5 mm (adults)	>5 mm → diastasis (trauma, pregnancy, postpartum changes).
Sacroiliac Joint Space	~ 2–4 mm, symmetric	Widening = trauma, infection, inflammatory disease; narrowing = degenerative changes.
Acetabular Angle (infants)	< 28–30° (by 1 year)	Increased angle → developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH).
Shenton’s Line	Continuous smooth arc along medial femoral neck & pubic ramus	Interruption indicates hip dislocation or femoral neck fracture.
Femoral Head Position	Symmetric, centered in acetabulum	Superior/lateral displacement → hip dislocation.
Obturator Foramina Symmetry	Symmetric in shape & size	Asymmetry may indicate pelvic tilt, rotation, or fracture.
Bladder Outline	Smooth, rounded if distended	Irregular = bladder mass, diverticulum, cystitis.
Prostate / Seminal Vesicle Calcifications	Usually absent	Can be seen in chronic prostatitis, TB, or carcinoma.