Radiological Signs Index

Aorta displaced anteriorly by retroperitoneal mass

Lucent area between liver and lateral wall

Football, Rigler, cupola, inverted V

Twisted mesentery and vessels

Cerebellar hemispheres wrapped around brainstem

Apposed cerebellar hemispheres with absent vermis

Restricted diffusion in splenium of corpus callosum

Curved calcifications outlining pericallosal lipoma

Mass crossing midline through corpus callosum

Hyperintense with strong post-contrast enhancement

CSF cleft around mass

Combined epidural and subdural hematomas

Peripheral enhancing ring with inner hypointense capsule

Thickened enhancing dura tapering away from lesion

Non-filling triangular defect in dural sinus with enhancement of margins

Cystic enhancing mass

Solid enhancing mass

Dural-based enhancing lesion

Mixed-density swirling blood in hematoma

Bilateral basal ganglia T2 hypointensity with central hyperintensity

Lateral displacement of aorta by enlarged left atrium

Straight upper cardiac border

Calcified valves on imaging

Upturned cardiac apex and concave pulmonary bay

Abrupt cessation of early diastolic filling

Cardiac silhouette like egg lying sideways

Diffuse myocardial infiltration

Elongated LV outflow tract on angiogram

Pulsatile hilar vessels on fluoroscopy

Increased pulmonary vascular markings

Bright interventricular septum

Elevated left main bronchus forming a “handle”

Small muscular VSD

RV dysfunction sparing apex

Globular cardiac silhouette

Curvilinear calcified nodules

Regular flutter waves

Broad-based cardiac apex

Supracardiac TAPVC

Well-defined pericardial cyst

Dilated right atrial appendage

Elongated aortic root

Left heart border convexity

Crescent of air around fungal ball

Bilateral elevation of thymic lobes

Bilateral perihilar opacities

Bilateral perihilar air-space opacities

Multiple well-defined pulmonary nodules

Multiple cystic bronchiectatic spaces

Continuous lucency beneath heart due to free air

Ground-glass opacities with septal thickening

Concentric laminated appearance of cyst wall

Deepened lateral costophrenic angle on supine film

Thin calcified rim around lymph node

Branching tubular opacities filled with mucus

Multiple small nodules coalescing into larger ones

Bilateral hilar and right paratracheal lymphadenopathy

Branching tubular opacities of mucus-filled bronchi

Reverse S-shaped upper lobe collapse with central mass

Patchy increased attenuation with preserved bronchovascular markings

Ground-glass halo around nodule

Peripheral wedge-shaped opacity

Raised thymic contour resembling hands-up

Prominent right descending pulmonary artery

Rounded calcifications within mass

Fluid or vascular prominence in right horizontal fissure

Curved vein draining into IVC

Dilated bronchus with small artery inside

Loss of normal interface between structures

Fine reticular lines

Elevation of thymic lobes by air

Alternating dilatations and constrictions

Sail sign, wave sign of Mulvey, notch sign

Parallel bronchial wall thickening

Centrilobular branching nodules

Narrow elongated cardiac silhouette

Loculated interlobar fissural fluid mimicking mass

Floating endocyst membranes

Oligemia distal to embolus

Cullen, Grey Turner, Fox signs

Alternating mucosal thickening and luminal trapping of contrast

Small projection of mucosa into gastric antrum

Thickened antral mucosal pad

Arrowhead, psoas, obturator, Rovsing

Concentric irregular luminal narrowing

Triangular area of contrast outlining inflamed appendix

Tapered narrowing at gastroesophageal junction

Target-like mucosal lesion

Filling defect at base of caecum

Prominent vasa recta in mesentery

Multiple simultaneous tertiary contractions

String sign, cobblestone mucosa, hose pipe, target lesion

Two parallel mucosal lines

Both sides of bowel wall visible

Smooth, rigid colon

Thin radiolucent line at ulcer margin

Narrow distal segment, dilated proximal

Pulled-up caecum, purse-string, goose-mouth, napkin ulcers

Target, meniscus, claw, coiled spring

Nodular ulcer with meniscus sign

Featureless, smooth bowel pattern

Featureless, narrowed bowel loop

Air in bowel wall, soap bubble, bunch of grapes

Smooth distal esophageal tapering

Irregular haustral folds

Serrated haustral folds

Triangular ileocaecal valve opening

Coffee bean, bent inner tube, bird of prey, ace of spade

Fold thickening resembling stacked coins

Narrowed pylorus or ileum

Narrow terminal ileum lumen

Segmental colonic wall thickening

Triangular deformed bulb

Lead pipe colon, pseudopolyps, collar button ulcers

Bull’s eye, doughnut, pseudokidney

Multiple low-attenuation areas replacing renal parenchyma

Bluish discoloration on upper testis

Radial medullary cystic dilatation

Multicystic mass

Multiloculated cystic lesion

Rounded filling defect in distal ureter

Horizontal lie of testis

Ectopic ureter with atrophic upper moiety

Contrast extravasation into fornices

Replacement of parenchyma by fat

Moth-eaten calyces, golf-hole ureter, thimble bladder

Fusion of lower poles

Medial deviation of proximal ureter

Central stellate scar, spoke-wheel vascularity

Extravasation of contrast

Contrast outlining prostatic urethra

Smooth, rigid ureteric wall

Dilated pelvicalyceal system with rim of cortex

Sandy calcific deposits

Elongated calyces, multiloculated appearance

Elongated calyces and pelvis

Irregular bladder outline

Filling defect with tapering

Pear-shaped bladder

Disappearance of ureteric visualization

Alternating ureteric filling

Anterior bowing of posterior wall of maxillary sinus

Enhancing central dot within cystic structure

Multiple small echogenic foci in GB wall

Simultaneous dilatation of CBD and pancreatic duct

Triradiate fissures in gas-filled gallbladder

Calcified portal tracts

Circumferential wall calcification

Mucosal cholesterol deposits

Loss of intrahepatic bile ducts

Radiating central scar

Trident hand, chevron sign, bullet nose vertebra, tombstone ilia

Bamboo spine, dagger sign, syndesmophytes

Central constriction of bone contour

Bony avulsion of lateral femoral condyle attachment

Concentric osseous layering

Bony outgrowths at interphalangeal joints

Tunneling appearance in bone

Midline cleft in vertebral body

Linear streaks in long bones

Striated high signal in ACL

Biconcave vertebral bodies

Periosteal new bone formation with sunburst pattern

Inner bright and outer dark lines on T2

Central lucent nidus with reactive sclerosis

Flared metaphysis of long bones, especially distal femur

Bony fragment at base of cyst

Biconcave endplates

Continuous paraspinal ligamentous calcification

Linear sclerotic cortical thickening

Dense provisional calcification line at metaphysis

Homogeneous hazy bone matrix

Central endplate depression

Marrow expansion deformities

Enlargement of sternal end of clavicle

Passive external rotation lag

Tapered resorption of bone ends

Homogeneously dense humeral head

Translucent bands perpendicular to cortex

Patchy cavitation with air-fluid levels

Short 4th/5th metacarpals

Radiolucent metaphyseal bands

Flowing cortical hyperostosis

Rings and arcs of calcification

Concentric lamellated periosteal reaction

Bony spurs at joint margins

Lateral subluxation of femoral head

Thickened trabeculae and sclerosis

Pencil-in-cup deformity / sausage digits

Coxa vara with bowed femoral neck

Multiloculated radiolucent lesion

Elevated scapula

Deforming hand joints

Widened scapholunate space

Lucent metaphyseal band with spur

Bilateral symmetric metaphyseal sclerosis

Clustered cystic structures

Radial cystic spaces in macula

Sentinel loop, colon cutoff, renal halo, ground-glass

Double duct, scrambled egg, inverted 3 sign

Chain of lakes, string of beads, rat tail CBD

Multiple small cystic spaces in endometrium

Distorted fallopian tubes

Anterior inferior beaking of vertebra, J-shaped sella, simian pelvis

Inferior rib margin notching

Convex plantar surface

Cranium appearing separated due to lack of ossification

Dumbbell-shaped long bones, cloverleaf skull

Saw-like acanthosis pattern

Central arteriole with radiating capillaries

Absence of greater wing of sphenoid

Moth-eaten skull, frontal bossing, saddle nose, Hutchinson teeth

Vertical striations in skull vault

Punctate skull lucencies

Multiple punched-out lesions

Multiple small dots within vertebral body

Alternating sclerotic and lucent vertebral bands

Anterior meningocele defect

Inverted Napoleon hat / Beheaded Scottish terrier

Anterior concavity of vertebral body

Vertical ossification bridging vertebrae

Parallel vertical trabeculae

Narrowed irregular arterial lumen

Sharp tapered end of artery

Peripheral crescent of high attenuation in aneurysm wall

Two aortic arches seen due to dissection flap

Pre- and post-stenotic dilatation with indentation

Linear aortic wall calcification

Alternating stenoses and dilatations